Fase-fase Psikoseksual dari Anak hingga Remaja Ada fase-fase psikologis yang harus dilalui tiap individu. Antara lain fase psikoseksual yaitu tahap-tahap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fungsi seksual yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan psikologis individu tersebut.
. Psychosexual StagesPsychosexual StagesBy, updated 2017Freud (1905) proposed that psychological development in childhood takes place in a series of fixed psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.These are called psychosexual stages because each stage represents the fixation of libido (roughly translated as sexual drives or instincts) on a different area of the body. As a person grows physically certain areas of their body become important as sources of potential frustration (erogenous zones), pleasure or both. Believed that life was built round tension and pleasure. Freud also believed that all tension was due to the build-up of libido (sexual energy) and that all pleasure came from its discharge.In describing human personality development as psychosexual Freud meant to convey that what develops is the way in which sexual energy accumulates and is discharged as we mature biologically.
(NB Freud used the term 'sexual' in a very general way to mean all pleasurable actions and thoughts).Freud stressed that the first five years of life are crucial to the formation of adult personality. The must be controlled in order to satisfy social demands; this sets up a conflict between frustrated wishes and social norms.The and develop in order to exercise this control and direct the need for gratification into socially acceptable channels. Gratification centers in different areas of the body at different stages of growth, making the conflict at each stage psychosexual.The Role of ConflictEach of the psychosexual stages is associated with a particular conflict that must be resolved before the individual can successfully advance to the next stage. The resolution of each of these conflicts requires the expenditure of sexual energy and the more energy that is expended at a particular stage, the more the important characteristics of that stage remain with the individual as he/she matures psychologically.To explain this Freud suggested the analogy of military troops on the march. Windows 10 printing pictures.
Teori Perkembangan Psikoseksual Dari Sigmund Freud
As the troops advance, they are met by opposition or conflict. If they are highly successful in winning the battle (resolving the conflict), then most of the troops (libido) will be able to move on to the next battle (stage).But the greater the difficulty encountered at any particular point, the greater the need for troops to remain behind to fight and thus the fewer that will be able to go on to the next confrontation.Frustration, Overindulgence, and FixationSome people do not seem to be able to leave one stage and proceed on to the next. The most important aspect of the phallic stage is the Oedipus complex. This is one of Freud's most controversial ideas and one that many people reject outright.The name of the Oedipus complex derives from the Greek myth where Oedipus, a young man, kills his father and marries his mother. Upon discovering this, he pokes his eyes out and becomes blind.
This Oedipal is the generic (i.e., general) term for both Oedipus and Electra complexes.In the young boy, the Oedipus complex or more correctly, conflict, arises because the boy develops sexual (pleasurable) desires for his mother. He wants to possess his mother exclusively and get rid of his father to enable him to do so. Irrationally, the boy thinks that if his father were to find out about all this, his father would take away what he loves the most.
During the phallic stage what the boy loves most is his penis. Hence the boy develops castration anxiety.The little boy then sets out to resolve this problem by imitating, copying and joining in masculine dad-type behaviors. This is called identification, and is how the three-to-five year old boy resolves his Oedipus complex. Identification means internally adopting the values, attitudes, and behaviors of another person. The consequence of this is that the boy takes on the male gender role, and adopts an ego ideal and values that become the superego.Freud (1909) offered the case study as evidence of the Oedipus complex. For girls, the Oedipus or Electra complex is less than satisfactory. Briefly, the girl desires the father, but realizes that she does not have a penis.
This leads to the development of penis envy and the wish to be a boy.The girl resolves this by repressing her desire for her father and substituting the wish for a penis with the wish for a baby. The girl blames her mother for her 'castrated state,' and this creates great tension.
The girl then represses her feelings (to remove the tension) and identifies with the mother to take on the female gender role.Latency Stage (5 or 6 to puberty)No further psychosexual development takes place during this stage (latent means hidden). The libido is dormant. Freud thought that most sexual impulses are repressed during the latent stage, and sexual energy can be sublimated (re: ) towards school work, hobbies, and friendships.Much of the child's energy is channeled into developing new skills and acquiring new knowledge, and play becomes largely confined to other children of the same gender.Genital Stage (puberty to adult)This is the last stage of Freud's psychosexual theory of personality development and begins in puberty.
It is a time of adolescent sexual experimentation, the successful resolution of which is settling down in a loving one-to-one relationship with another person in our 20's. Sexual instinct is directed to heterosexual pleasure, rather than self-pleasure like during the phallic stage.For Freud, the proper outlet of the sexual instinct in adults was through heterosexual intercourse. Fixation and conflict may prevent this with the consequence that sexual perversions may develop.For example, fixation at the oral stage may result in a person gaining sexual pleasure primarily from kissing and oral sex, rather than sexual intercourse.
Psychosexual development Ing psikologi Freudian, pembangunan psikoseksual minangka unsur sentral saka teori pacoban seksual psikoanalisis, yen manungsa, saka lahir, duwe libido insting sing berkembang ing limang tahapan. Saben tahapan - lisan, anal, phallic, latent, lan genital - ditondoi dening zona erogen sing sumber drive libidinal.
Sigmund Freud ngusulake menawa yen bocah ngalami frustasi seksual sajrone perkembangan perkembangan psikoseksual, dheweke bakal ngalami kegirangan sing bakal nemu umur diwasa minangka neurosis, kelainan mental. In Freudian psychology, psychosexual development is a central element of the psychoanalytic sexual drive theory, that human beings, from birth, possess an instinctual libido that develops in five stages. Each stage – the oral, the anal, the phallic, the latent, and the genital – is characterized by the erogenous zone that is the source of the libidinal drive. Sigmund Freud proposed that if the child experienced sexual frustration in relation to any psychosexual developmental stage, he or she would experience anxiety that would persist into adulthood as a neurosis, a functional mental disorder.